Syncope is a transient, self-limited loss of consciousness due to acute global impairment of cerebral blood flow. The onset is rapid, duration brief, and recovery spontaneous and complete. Other causes of transient loss of consciousness need to be distinguished from syncope which includes: A syncopal prodrome (presyncope) is common, although […]
Clinical Internal Medicine
Blood transfusion complications Complications from a single transfusion: 1. Febrile non hemolytic transfusion reactions. It is due to the antibodies to donor leucocytes (HLA antigen). Risk factors: multiparous woman, conditions requiring multiple blood transfusions. Management: 2. Allergic reactions. It is due to plasma proteins and clinically presented as urticaria. Management: […]
Respiration is the movement of oxygen from environment to cells and transport of carbon dioxide from cells to environment. Movement of air into and out the lung is called ventilation. Respiration Examination During examination of respiration, following things should be assessed. Procedure: Respiratory rate: It is how many breaths patient […]
Peripheral venous cannulation is a basic and very common clinical procedure routinely required in hospital settings. The size of the cannula varies with its color code, also known as the cannula color size. Understanding Cannula Color Size Knowing the cannula color size is crucial for selecting the appropriate cannula for […]
